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Knowledge Centre

Crypto has grown into a serious asset class, with a vocabulary of its own. Below we explain the key concepts one by one: sober, factual and written for the discerning investor.

Crypto explained

What is crypto

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What is crypto?

What crypto is, why investors are paying attention, and what to watch for.

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What is blockchain?

What is blockchain?

The technology beneath crypto: a shared ledger with no central party.

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What is bitcoin?

What is bitcoin?

Digital scarcity: a fixed supply of 21 million coins.

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What is ethereum?

What is ethereum?

The programmable blockchain, the engine under much of the market.

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What is an altcoin?

What is an altcoin?

Everything beyond bitcoin, from established networks to small projects.

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What is a stablecoin?

What is a stablecoin?

Crypto pegged to a currency: stable, but conditional.

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What is a crypto wallet?

What is a crypto wallet?

Not coins but keys: whoever holds the key holds the assets.

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Storing crypto safely

Storing crypto safely

Safekeeping for larger holdings: self-custody or a custodian.

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How does a crypto exchange work?

How does a crypto exchange work?

Trading platforms, the order book and custody risk.

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Why is crypto so volatile?

Why is crypto so volatile?

Why crypto moves so sharply, and what that means.

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Proof-of-work vs proof-of-stake

Proof-of-work vs proof-of-stake

Two ways to secure a network without a central party.

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On-chain vs off-chain

On-chain vs off-chain

Where a transaction is recorded, and why that matters.

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Gas fees and transaction costs

Gas fees and transaction costs

What you pay to move crypto, and why costs spike.

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What is DeFi?

What is DeFi?

Financial services without a bank: opportunities and vulnerabilities.

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Crypto and tax

Crypto and tax in the Netherlands

Crypto and tax

How crypto enters your return: box 3, the BV route and what changes in 2026.

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Crypto in box 3

Crypto in box 3

The deemed return, the tax-free allowance and when counter-evidence pays off.

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